Background: The chromosome 1p32p31 deletion syndrome is a contiguous gene disorder with a variable phenotype characterized by brain malformations with or without urinary tract defects, besides neurodevelopmental delay and dysmorphisms. An expanded phenotype was proposed based on additional findings, including one previous report of a patient presenting with moyamoya disease. Case Presentation: The authors report a patient presenting with early neurodevelopmental delay, hydrocephalus, renal malformation, and dysmorphisms. After presenting with a sudden choreic movement disorder, the neuroimaging investigation revealed an ischemic stroke, moyamoya disease, and bilateral incomplete hippocampal inversion. Chromosomal microarray analysis revealed a deletion of 13.2 Mb at 1p31.3p32.2, compatible with the contiguous gene syndrome caused by microdeletions of this region. Discussion/Conclusion: This is the second report of a patient who developed Moyamoya disease and the first to describe bilateral incomplete hippocampal inversion in this microdeletion syndrome.

Introdução: Doença rara é o termo aplicado para condições que afetam uma pequena proporção da população quando comparada com doenças prevalentes na população em geral. Segundo a OMS, as doenças raras são as que afetam 1,3 a cada 2000 indivíduos. Em 2014, através da Portaria 199 do Ministério da Saúde, foi instituída a Política Nacional de Atenção Integral às Pessoas com Doenças Raras (PNAIPDR) no âmbito do SUS que estruturou o cuidado das pessoas com doenças raras no Brasil em dois eixos: Eixo I: composto pelas doenças raras de origem genética e organizado nos seguintes grupos: a) anomalias congênitas ou de manifestação tardia, b) deficiência intelectual, e c) erros inatos de metabolismo e Eixo II: composto por doenças raras de origem não genética e organizado nos seguintes grupos: a) infecciosas, b) inflamatórias, e c) autoimunes. Objetivos: Descrever o perfil epidemiológico representativo dos pacientes com doenças raras atendidos nos ambulatórios de um hospital terciário de alta complexidade localizado no Ceará - Hospital Geral Dr César Cals- segundo os eixos de cuidado estruturados pela PNAIPDR Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e retrospectivo, no qual foram analisados 269 prontuários de pacientes atendidos entre os anos de 2018 a 2021 no ambulatório de especialidades do HGCC. A busca pelo diagnóstico da doença rara ocorreu pelo sistema informatizado do hospital, utilizando o código da Classificação Internacional de Doenças e Problemas Relacionados (CID10). Resultados: Prevalência de doenças raras de origem genética de 71,60% , onde 89,10% foram classificadas no grupo de anomalias congênitas ou de manifestação tardia e 10,90% no grupo de erros inatos de metabolismo. O grupo de doenças raras de origem não genética representou 28,40% , com maior prevalência do grupo de doenças autoimunes 48,70% , seguido por infecciosas 28,95% e inflamatórias 22,35% . Conclusão: Observou-se a maior prevalência de doenças no Eixo 1, no grupo das anomalias congênitas ou de manifestação tardia, corroborando com a literatura onde demostra a maior prevalência de doenças raras de origem genética. A falta de códigos precisos para inúmeras doenças e o não preenchimento adequado do CID dificultou a análise do perfil destas doenças. A aquisição de dados específicos sobre doenças raras permitirá alocação dos recursos para reduzir a morbimortalidade, melhorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes e organizar serviços especializados para o atendimento dessa demanda.

Introduction: Although it has been said that 'health is priceless', it certainly has its costs. In the last decades, the growing expenditure on health has raised concerns about better management of resources destined for this purpose. Among the factors related to the increase in health costs, changes in morbidity and mortality patterns in contemporary societies are evident, which can be explained by the reduction in infectious and contagious diseases and the increase in chronic degenerative ones. Hereditary Angioedema is a chronic disease that requires regular medical follow-up and treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the direct and indirect costs of Hereditary Angioedema with C1 inhibitor deficiency (C1-INH-HAE) treatment in specialized centers in Brazil. Methods: The present study is part of the National Network for Rare Diseases. It has a prospective and retrospective design that aims to understand and measure the Care Value Journey (CVJ) of patients with C1-INH-HAE in Brazil. It was carried out in 116 patients of 7 reference centers. Questionnaires were applied to patients/caregivers, one retrospective and one prospective (v1), containing general data about the patient; diagnosis, treatment, productivity, costs and evolution of the disease. In addition, interviews were conducted with nurses, doctors and administrators allocated in the centers to understand the reality of the resources used within the protocols used for management of C1-INH-HAE in each institution. Results: The most frequently used drug for long-term prophylaxis was oxandrolone [25/116; 21,5%], followed by danazol [14/116; 12.6%] and tranexamic acid [14/116; 12.06%]. The average monthly cost of oxandrolone was US$ 19.94; danazol, US$ 24.05 and tranexamic acid, US$ 8.61. Icatibant Acetate was the most commonly used medication for on demand treatment [14/116; 12.06%], with a mean use of 3 shots every 4 months for each patient. This drug was obtained through lawsuit and the cost per application was US$ 1,416.26. The total cost of this patient's care journey, including medical appointments, exams and medications was US$ 23,391.31 per year. Loss of productivity at work, which is an indirect cost, must also be taken into account in a pharmacoeconomic study. The time spent in a 1-year follow-up of a patient with C1-INH-HAE, taking into account medical appointments and exams, was 372.5 minutes. This time can reflect on absenteeism at work and school. The assessment of productivity loss, assessed using the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment - General Health (WPAI-GH) questionnaire, was answered by 7 caregivers and 87 patients. Of these, 46 patients and 4 caregivers answered that they were employed. The percentage of commitment during work (presenteeism) was 32.4% and the absenteeism (time lost from work) was 17.2%. Conclusion: The direct and indirect costs that patients with C1-INH-HAE have with the treatment of the disease are excessively high considering the socioeconomic level of Brazilian population. More investments in pharmacoeconomic studies are needed to think of strategies that minimize these costs