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O Atlas Brasileiro Online de Doenças Raras é um serviço da Rede Nacional de Doenças Raras. Ele foi criado para disseminar informações sobre epidemiologia, quadro clínico, recursos diagnósticos e terapêuticos usados, e custos relacionados a doenças raras de origem genética e não genética no Brasil.
As doenças raras podem ser definidas como aquelas que afetam até 65 pessoas em cada 100 mil, ou seja, 1,3 pessoas para cada 2.000 indivíduos. No Brasil, estima-se que cerca de treze milhões de pessoas possuem alguma doença rara.
Após coletar, armazenar, processar e analisar os dados provenientes do projeto Rede Nacional de Doenças Raras, produzimos e publicamos estudos científicos para revistas e conferências científicas nacionais e internacionais.
Portanto, bem-vindo(a) a nossa lista de publicações. Essas publicações científicas representam um esforço contínuo para o entendimento e a explicação de fenômenos na área das doenças raras.
Esses esforços visam fornecer subsídios úteis e relevantes para a tomada de decisão baseadas em evidências no campo das doenças raras. Corroborando assim para o cumprimento dos objetivos gerais e específicos deste projeto.
Oliveira BM, Baiochi JF, Milke JC, Lorea CF, Viegas I, Bernardi FA, Alves D, Schwartz IVD, Félix TM, RARAS Network Group
BACKGROUND: Inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) present significant challenges in diagnosis and management. The Brazilian Rare Diseases Network (BRDN) is a consortium of 40 healthcare centers from all five regions of Brazil established in 2020, designed to perform an epidemiological survey on rare diseases (RD). This study aims to present comprehensive data on patients with IEM assisted in the centers of BRDN, including their clinical profiles, diagnosis, and treatments applied. METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive review of all cases with confirmed or suspected IEM in BRDN. Selection criteria were established using the Rare IEM classification from Orphadata (v. Dec 4, 2023, https: //www.orphadata.com/classifications/), incorporating ICD-10, OMIM, and Orpha diagnostic codes. A retrospective (2018-2019) and prospective (2022-2024) data collection was conducted using a RedCap standard form. RESULTS: Of 19,307 total records at BRDN, 2,667 (13.8%) IEM cases were registered (retrospective phase: 1,798/12,285; prospective phase: 870/7022). Most participants (32.4%) lived in the Southeast region of Brazil. The mean age at inclusion was 18.0 years (±15.5), and 1,402 (52.6%) were female. Diagnosis of IEM was confirmed in 88.3% and suspected in 11.7%. For RD coding, Orpha was mostly (71.4%) used. The most frequent diagnoses were Phenylketonuria (PKU, n=762), Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) type 2 (n=102), Fabry disease (n=95), MPS type 6 (n=89) and Gaucher disease (n=86). Biochemical diagnosis was performed in 66.6% of cases, molecular diagnosis was conducted in 25.7%, and the remaining cases were categorized as Others. Only 26.2% were diagnosed through newborn screening. The most recorded Human Phenotype Ontology were: Reduced phenylalanine hydroxylase level, Seizure, and Hyperphenylalaninemia. Positive family history was registered in 27.1% and 16.5% reported consanguinity. In the retrospective phase, specific treatment for IEM was reported in 71.6% of cases. Within the overall cohort, 41.2% received diet therapy. Previous hospitalizations were documented in 88.3%. The mortality rate was 1.8% during the retrospective phase. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows the first Brazilian nationwide data on IEM, demonstrating the importance of networking between specialized RD centers. PKU is included in the Brazilian Newborn Screening Program, leading to higher diagnostic prevalence. This data may contribute to improving the assistance of IEM in Brazil.
Ianne Pessoa Holanda, Priscila Hae Hyun Rim, Rare Genomes Project Consortium, Mara Sanches Guaragna, Vera Lúcia Gil-da-Silva-Lopes, Carlos Eduardo Steiner
Retinitis pigmentosa is a group of genetically determined retinal dystrophies characterized by primary photoreceptor apoptosis and can occur in isolated or syndromic conditions. This study reviewed the clinical data of 15 patients with syndromic retinitis pigmentosa from a Rare Disease Reference Center in Brazil and the results of their next-generation sequencing tests. Five males and ten females participated, with the mean ages for ocular disease onset, fundoscopic diagnosis, and molecular evaluation being 9, 19, and 29 years, respectively. Bardet-Biedl syndrome (n = 5) and Usher syndrome (n = 3) were the most frequent diagnoses, followed by other rare conditions. Among the patients, fourteen completed molecular studies, with three negative results and eleven revealing findings in known genes, including novel variants in MKKS (c.432_435del, p.Phe144Leufs*14), USH2A (c.(7301+1_7302-1)_(9369+1_9370-1)del), and CEP250 (c.5383dup, p.Glu1795Glyfs*13, and c.5050del, p.Asp1684Thrfs*9). Except for Kearn-Sayre, all presented an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern with 64% homozygosity results. The long gap between symptom onset and diagnosis highlights the diagnostic challenges faced by the patients. This study reaffirms the clinical heterogeneity of syndromic retinitis pigmentosa and underscores the pivotal role of molecular analysis in advancing our understanding of these diseases.
Doenças Metabólicas Hereditárias:Sinais de Alerta e Conduta
MARIA TERESINHA DE OLIVEIRA CARDOSO
GUIA PARA DIAGNOSTRICO E TRATAMENTO DE ERROS INATOS DO METABOLISMO NO CAPITULO 7.1 DA SEÇAO 15 DE GENETICA CLÍNICA DE TRATADO DE PEDIATRIA DA SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA DE PEDIATRIA VOLUME 1 3ª EDIÇAO EDIT.MANOLE
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