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O Atlas Brasileiro Online de Doenças Raras é um serviço da Rede Nacional de Doenças Raras. Ele foi criado para disseminar informações sobre epidemiologia, quadro clínico, recursos diagnósticos e terapêuticos usados, e custos relacionados a doenças raras de origem genética e não genética no Brasil.
As doenças raras podem ser definidas como aquelas que afetam até 65 pessoas em cada 100 mil, ou seja, 1,3 pessoas para cada 2.000 indivíduos. No Brasil, estima-se que cerca de treze milhões de pessoas possuem alguma doença rara.
Após coletar, armazenar, processar e analisar os dados provenientes do projeto Rede Nacional de Doenças Raras, produzimos e publicamos estudos científicos para revistas e conferências científicas nacionais e internacionais.
Portanto, bem-vindo(a) a nossa lista de publicações. Essas publicações científicas representam um esforço contínuo para o entendimento e a explicação de fenômenos na área das doenças raras.
Esses esforços visam fornecer subsídios úteis e relevantes para a tomada de decisão baseadas em evidências no campo das doenças raras. Corroborando assim para o cumprimento dos objetivos gerais e específicos deste projeto.
Gabriela Roldão Correia Costa, Josep Jorente, Larissa Bretanha Pontes, Nilma Lúcia Viguetti Campos, Antonia Paula Marques-de-Faria, Társis Paiva Vieira, Carlos Eduardo Steiner
Introduction: The dual diagnosis of Down syndrome and Turner syndrome in the same patient was clinically identified in the early 1950s before the development of karyotyping techniques. After that, several authors reported anecdotal patients and/or reviewed series of Down-Turner double aneuploidies due to a regular 46,X,+21 constitution or different combinations of abnormal cell lines. In such cases, the most typical presentation encompasses the female sex, Down syndrome phenotype, and chromosomal mosaicism. Case Presentation: Here we report a female patient presenting with short stature, dysmorphic features, developmental delay, and learning disabilities, whose karyotype revealed a previously undescribed 45,X[47]/48,XXX,+21[3] constitution. Conclusion: This is the first case encompassing these three aneuploidies together and, contrary to most previous reports, exhibiting a predominantly Turner syndrome phenotype associated with developmental delay.
Mariane Barros Neiva , Bibiana Mello de Oliveira , Amanda Maria Schmidt , Victória Machado Scheibe , Júlia Cordeiro Milke, Mariana Lopes dos Santos , Diego Bettiol Yamada, Márcio Eloi Colombo Filho, Giovane Thomazini Soares , et al.
A disease is considered rare if it has a low prevalence. It is estimated that around 400 million people worldwide have a rare disease, including 15 million in Brazil. Consequently, it became a public health priority for the World Health Organization and the Brazilian Health Ministry. In 2014, the Brazilian government launched a national policy regarding the care for rare patients', the Ordinance nº199. The national politic defines guidelines, procedures, and descriptions of rare disease codes to provide access and diagnosis in the public health system to reduce mortality and improve patient's quality of life. Diseases are identified according to the International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision, a widely used terminology in this context. However, there are also different terminologies to codify a rare disease, such as the ORPHAcode provided by Orphanet. This paper proposes a complex network model using the terminologies' relationship to show that the International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision may be generic for diagnosing rare Brazilian patients. Moreover, there is no perfect nomenclature to define rare diseases, but each context has a better application. So, mapping the relationship between each terminology is fundamental for creating consistent semantic relationships in biomedical ontologies, providing a functional environment for carrying out tasks involving more than one terminology.
Scortegagna ML, Lorea CF, Oliveira BM, Melo BA, da Silva BR, Viegas I, Baiochi JF, Félix TM, Schwartz IVD, RARAS Network Group
INTRODUCTION: Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an inborn error of amino acid metabolism, with autosomal recessive inheritance. In non-treated patients, clinical signs may appear in the first months of life as hypotonia and neuropsychomotor development delay, in addition to seizures, irritability and a characteristic odor. In Brazil, PKU was one of the first genetic disorders to be included in neonatal screening, with the aim of starting early dietary treatment. OBJECTIVES: To present an overview of PKU in Brazil, using data from the Brazilian Rare Diseases Network (RARAS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data from individuals with a confirmed diagnosis of PKU assisted at the centers were included in this study. Cases were collected in the retrospective (2018-2019) and prospective (2022 to May 2024) survey. Data was collected and extracted from the REDCap. RESULTS: 717 individuals were included, 68.9% were female, with a mean age of 16.0 (±11.8) years at the time of data collection. Neonatal screening was responsible for 74.9% of diagnoses, while symptomatic diagnosis represented 22.5%. The largest paying source for diagnoses was the Unified Health System (SUS, 95.6%). The Southeast region had the highest number of diagnoses, with 65.2%, followed by the Northeast region, with 16.3%. CONCLUSION: Although included in neonatal screening since 2000, our data show that almost 1/4 of patients (22.5%) were diagnosed after presenting symptoms. Although the largest source of payment for diagnoses is the SUS, there is great regional inequality. Furthermore, this study corroborates the importance of diagnosis in the neonatal period to begin treatment in the first days of life. The majority of diagnoses in this registry were made through the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS), highlighting the crucial role of the public healthcare system in neonatal screening and the diagnosis of rare diseases.
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Ministério da Saúde do Brasil
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
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