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O Atlas Brasileiro Online de Doenças Raras é um serviço da Rede Nacional de Doenças Raras. Ele foi criado para disseminar informações sobre epidemiologia, quadro clínico, recursos diagnósticos e terapêuticos usados, e custos relacionados a doenças raras de origem genética e não genética no Brasil.
As doenças raras podem ser definidas como aquelas que afetam até 65 pessoas em cada 100 mil, ou seja, 1,3 pessoas para cada 2.000 indivíduos. No Brasil, estima-se que cerca de treze milhões de pessoas possuem alguma doença rara.
Após coletar, armazenar, processar e analisar os dados provenientes do projeto Rede Nacional de Doenças Raras, produzimos e publicamos estudos científicos para revistas e conferências científicas nacionais e internacionais.
Portanto, bem-vindo(a) a nossa lista de publicações. Essas publicações científicas representam um esforço contínuo para o entendimento e a explicação de fenômenos na área das doenças raras.
Esses esforços visam fornecer subsídios úteis e relevantes para a tomada de decisão baseadas em evidências no campo das doenças raras. Corroborando assim para o cumprimento dos objetivos gerais e específicos deste projeto.
Ruy Pires de Oliveira Sobrinho, Luciana Mota Bispo, Júlia Lôndero Heleno, Fernanda Rocha Rojas Ayala, Fabiano Reis, Társis Paiva Vieira, Carlos Eduardo Steiner
Background: The chromosome 1p32p31 deletion syndrome is a contiguous gene disorder with a variable phenotype characterized by brain malformations with or without urinary tract defects, besides neurodevelopmental delay and dysmorphisms. An expanded phenotype was proposed based on additional findings, including one previous report of a patient presenting with moyamoya disease. Case Presentation: The authors report a patient presenting with early neurodevelopmental delay, hydrocephalus, renal malformation, and dysmorphisms. After presenting with a sudden choreic movement disorder, the neuroimaging investigation revealed an ischemic stroke, moyamoya disease, and bilateral incomplete hippocampal inversion. Chromosomal microarray analysis revealed a deletion of 13.2 Mb at 1p31.3p32.2, compatible with the contiguous gene syndrome caused by microdeletions of this region. Discussion/Conclusion: This is the second report of a patient who developed Moyamoya disease and the first to describe bilateral incomplete hippocampal inversion in this microdeletion syndrome.
Ida Vanessa Doederlein Schwartz, François Maillot, Maria Teresinha de Oliveira Cardoso, Romina Soledad Heredia, Maria Teresa Alves da Silva Rosa, Bárbara Cátia Martins , Monique Oliveira Poubel, Rafael Hencke Tresbach, Fernanda Sperb-Ludwig , et al
: Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a common inborn error of amino acid metabolism in which the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase, which converts phenylalanine to tyrosine, is functionally impaired due to pathogenic variants in the PAH gene. Thirty-four Brazilian patients with a biochemical diagnosis of PKU, from 33 unrelated families, were analyzed through next-generation sequencing in the Ion Torrent PGM™ platform. Phenotype-genotype correlations were made based on the BioPKU database. Three patients required additional Sanger sequencing analyses. Twenty-six different pathogenic variants were identified. The most frequent variants were c.1315+1G>A (n = 8/66), c.473G>A (n = 6/66), and c.1162G>A (n = 6/66). One novel variant, c.524C>G (p.Pro175Arg), was found in one allele and was predicted as likely pathogenic by the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) criteria. The molecular modeling of p.Pro175Arg indicated that this substitution can affect monomers binding in the PAH tetramer, which could lead to a change in the stability and activity of this enzyme. Next-generation sequencing was a fast and effective method for diagnosing PKU and is useful for patient phenotype prediction and genetic counseling.
Lorea CF, Oliveira BM, Fighera GZ, Milke JC , Broch MS, Viegas I, Melo BA, Dos Santos ML, Félix TM , RARAS Network Group
INTRODUCTION: Urea cycle disorders (UCDs) represent a group of rare diseases (RDs) characterized by impaired ammonia detoxification, leading to significant challenges in diagnosis and management. The Brazilian Rare Diseases Network (RARAS) aims to conduct an epidemiological surveillance of RD in 40 health centers from all regions of the country. OBJECTIVE: Present the epidemiological profile of UCDs cases in RARAS Network. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data from patients with suspected and confirmed UCD diagnoses were extracted from RARAS REDCap database, from retrospective (2018-2019) and prospective (2022-2023) approaches. RESULTS: Fourteen individuals were identified with a UCD diagnosis of almost 20 thousand cases registered in the RARAS database. One case had suspected diagnosis (waiting for confirmatory tests), two were diagnosed through neonatal screening and 11 were diagnosed postnatally. The most prevalent disorders were Argininemia (n=4), Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency (n=3), and Citrullinemia type I (n=3). Diagnoses were either biochemical (69.2%) or molecular (30.8%). Unified Health System (SUS) funded 69.2% of diagnoses. The interval until diagnosis ranged from 36 days to 27 years and 4 months (median of 3 years and 3 months). Also, 78.5% patients reported receiving treatment, of which 64.2% relied on private sources. The most consulted medical specialties were neurology or pediatric neurology (77.7%), followed by gastroenterology and hepatology (44.4%). The most common signs and symptoms, registered through the Human Phenotype Ontology, were hyperammonemia (n=5); jaundice; vomiting; seizure and intellectual disability (n=3). Nine patients (64.3%) registered hospitalizations (mean: 2.22 per patient), mainly due to UCD (ICD-10 E72.2). No death was reported in the studied period. CONCLUSION: Currently, in Brazil, the Neonatal Screening Program does not encompass tests for UCDs; nevertheless, a few states have implemented expanded neonatal screening. The two cases in this study were born in these locations. This study highlights the need to support UCD diagnosis through neonatal screening as early diagnosis is essential to therapeutic interventions and patient outcomes improvements. These results show the importance of public policies with SUS as the main funding source for diagnosis and management of UCDs patients.
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